Programming Languages/Systems

• A set of possible computations (usually infinite)

• A set of primitive operations: e.g., arithmetic operations, loading, storing, branching.

• A set of language primitives: e.g., identifiers, operators, etc., or menu items, components of rules, etc.

• A set of combining rules (grammar) used to form larger and larger expressions, and eventually, programs.

• A mapping from programs in the language to computations, usually expressed in terms of mappings from language primitives and combination schemata to primitive operations and partial computations.

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