January 8, 2002
Practical Aspects of Modern Cryptography
How to Remotely Flip a Coin
•
Fact 1
•
•
Multiplying two (odd) integers of the same
type always yields a product of Type +1.
•
•
(4
p
+1)(4
q
+1)
= 16
pq
+4
p
+4
q
+1 = 4(4
pq
+
p
+
q
)+1
•
•
(4
p
–1)(4
q
–1) =
16
pq
–4
p
–4
q
+1 = 4(4
pq
–
p
–
q
)+1
