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Our main goal is to design an Internet, which is a network of Heterogeneous Networks. For this we will need to decide what the host will do, and what the router will do, and actually what each of the connected Networks can do? The Characteristics of a Network to be connected to the Internet vary greatly: * They deliver Data * Can vary in Bandwidth from 1Kb/sec to 10 Gb/Sec which is 7 orders of Magnitude * The Loss Rate can vary greatly too, like between wired and wireless networks * The network can be Simplex or Duplex * Bus Architecture or Switch Architecture * Circuit switched like the telephone system or Packet Switch like the current Internet * Packets can also be * Corrupted * Of Limited Size * Reordered * Duplicated * Or lost * They also may have differing capabilities: * Real Time * Multicast * Guaranteed delivery * Different Addressing Mechanisms Functionality Corrupt Packet Detection: * This can be done by the hosts. If the networks are unreliable you may need some kind of detection to be done by the Routers too. * If you have End to End checks you may still need the networks to check for the following reasons * Debuggability for quickly detecting network problems * Speed. To reject the packet early on it's path and not waste resources taking it all the way there. * Routing Info is part of the packet and may be corrupted * Why should the hosts check if the networks do: * They may not trust all the networks on it's path * Routers can corrupt the data * Can provide stronger error checking Retransmission: Done by Hosts, Networks if needed Ordering of Packets: Done by hosts Routing: Usually done by the Routers, can be done by the hose in the case of Source Routing where you put on the packet the path you want it to follow. Congestion Control: Network/Internet Flow Control: Hosts The different entities that take part in the internet are as follows: Networks Routers Hosts Transport Application Border Routers Name Servers Middle Boxes i.e. Load Balancers
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