•Mostly ad-hoc programming: create a special
solution for every case; pay consultants a lot of money.
•Data warehousing: load all the data periodically
into a warehouse.
–6-18 months lead time
–Separates operational
DBMS from decision support DBMS. (not only a
solution to data integration).
–Performance is good; data may
not be fresh.
–Need to clean, scrub you data.