Eureka: A Tool for Specifying and Finding Significant Moments
in Learning
Steve Tanimoto
Description:
This tool consists of three parts: an editor, an applicator, and a
reporter. The editor supports the specification of significant
events in learning through combinations of patterns and
predicates. The applicator compares actual student data logs with
the patterns and it computes the predicates and combines their results,
determining the extent to which subsequences of events in the database
match the specified patterns. The reporter uses patterns and
results of application to create reports to the user about the
occurrences of the patterns, including any significant learning moments
found.
Pattern language:
Significant moments in learning might be characterized by points in
time surrounded by particular types of events that indicate something
important has happened. A pattern language must provide the
elements for representing the events and their relationships. Important
parts of the language are the following:
- means to specify regions of the curriculum (e.g., lessons,
activity sheets, specific goals students worked towards, or specific
problems they were solving or questions they were answering).
- means to select events by type, student, time, and
characteristics, including a means to write predicates that classify
text or sketches.
- means to specify temporal (and other) relations including
temporal precedence and constraints on time intervals: "Event Y took
place within 120 seconds after event X."
- means to access student data such as answers to test questions,
and messages posted to other students.
The editor permits a user to construct, modify, load and save
collections of patterns, assign names to patterns, and to maintain
status information about patterns.
The applicator permits a user to try out whole patterns or portions of
patterns and receive feedback from the system regarding the syntactic
validity of the patterns, the logical consistency of the patterns, and
clues about the occurrence of the patterns in a given database.
The reporter creates reports that contain both textual explanations and
graphical displays of the results of pattern application. Textual
portions of the report explain the patterns that were successfully
matched, using any comments associated with the patterns
to assist in the explanation. They also explain the results in
terms of number of hits, strength of matches, and locations of matching
within the database -- e.g., starting dates and times, names of
students involved, names of curricular units involved, and a
description of the kind of learning represented. The graphical portions
of the report show the temporal relationships among the key components
of the patterns as they occurred in the periods surrounding the
significant moments in learning.