Linear subspaces
convert x into v1, v2 coordinates
-  distance to line
-  use it for classification—near 0 for orange pts
-  position along line
-  use it to specify which orange point it is
Classification can be expensive
Must either search (e.g., nearest neighbors) or store large PDF’s
Suppose the data points are arranged as above
Idea—fit a line, classifier measures distance to line