Interrupts and exceptions

• Interrupt: asynchronous event (e.g., I/O)

Checked before IF.

• Exceptions (e.g., arithmetic overflow, page fault etc.)

Program and data dependent (repeatable), hence “synchronous”

Occur “within” an instruction (e.g., in EXE or MEM stage)

• Handling exceptions

A pipeline is restartable if the exception can be handled and the program restarted w/o affecting execution

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