Content-Based Image Retrieval using Color Histograms

Zijian Gu

CSE 455 Computer Vision

Winter 2009

Project 3 Artifact

Query Results

Retrieval Performance

Google Image Results

Query Results
Query Results for beach_1 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = YES
                   
beach_1     crater_2     crater_3       boat_5         sunset1_3     boat_3       sunset2_5     pond_4       sunset1_4     pond_5
INT = 1   INT = 0.61   INT = 0.57 INT = 0.52   INT = 0.49 INT = 0.42 INT = 0.37 INT = 0.36 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35
                 
cherry_3      pond_3      pond_1         cherry_1    beach_5       crater_4     sunset2_4     sunset2_2     crater_5     sunset2_3
INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.32 INT = 0.28 INT = 0.25 INT = 0.18 INT = 0.18 INT = 0.17
                 
crater_1     sunset1_1     beach_2     sunset1_2     stHelens_5   beach_4     beach_3       stHelens_4 stHelens_1 stHelens_2
INT = 0.15 INT = 0.15 INT = 0.15 INT = 0.14   INT = 0.1     INT = 0.1 INT = 0.09 INT = 0.07 INT = 0.07 INT = 0.05
                                 
stHelens_3   boat_2       sunset1_5     boat_1       boat_4         sunset2_1         cherry_4           cherry_5           cherry_2     pond_2
INT = 0.04 INT = 0.03 INT = 0.02 INT = 0.005 INT = 0.004 INT = 0.0006 INT = 0.0001 INT = 6.8e-5 INT = 6.8e-5 INT = 3.6e-5

Query Results for beach_1 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = NO
                   
beach_1     crater_2     sunset1_3       crater_3      boat_5     sunset2_5       sunset1_4     boat_3       pond_4     pond_5
INT = 1   INT = 0.62   INT = 0.62 INT = 0.57   INT = 0.52 INT = 0.51 INT = 0.43 INT = 0.42 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35
                 
pond_3      pond_1      sunset2_4         cherry_3    cherry_1       crater_4     beach_5     sunset1_2     sunset1_1     sunset2_2
INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.35 INT = 0.32 INT = 0.32 INT = 0.28 INT = 0.28 INT = 0.27
                 
sunset2_3     crater_5     beach_2     boat_2       crater_1       stHelens_5     beach_4       stHelens_4 beach_3    stHelens_1
INT = 0.23 INT = 0.22 INT = 0.2 INT = 0.17   INT = 0.16     INT = 0.16 INT = 0.13 INT = 0.13 INT = 0.12 INT = 0.12
                                 
stHelens_2   stHelens_3   sunset2_1     sunset1_5     boat_1        boat_4         pond_2           cherry_4           cherry_2     cherry_5
INT = 0.08 INT = 0.08 INT = 0.07 INT = 0.02 INT = 0.005 INT = 0.004 INT = 0.0004 INT = 0.0002 INT = 7.9e-5 INT = 7.2e-5

Query Results for boat_5 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = YES (text only)

boat_5.ppm 1.00152
pond_4.ppm 0.833921
pond_5.ppm 0.833316
pond_3.ppm 0.833091
pond_1.ppm 0.833003
cherry_3.ppm 0.832965
cherry_1.ppm 0.832912
boat_3.ppm 0.828901
sunset1_4.ppm 0.780763
crater_2.ppm 0.620093
crater_3.ppm 0.612265
beach_1.ppm 0.521163
sunset2_5.ppm 0.520477
sunset1_3.ppm 0.379836
crater_4.ppm 0.129838
beach_2.ppm 0.1212
sunset2_4.ppm 0.116476
crater_1.ppm 0.069262
beach_4.ppm 0.0605624
crater_5.ppm 0.0554896
beach_5.ppm 0.0540342
beach_3.ppm 0.0454942
sunset2_2.ppm 0.0316041
sunset1_2.ppm 0.0212538
boat_2.ppm 0.0193328
sunset1_1.ppm 0.0166827
sunset1_5.ppm 0.0096844
stHelens_5.ppm 0.00822607
stHelens_2.ppm 0.00753267
stHelens_3.ppm 0.00750662
stHelens_4.ppm 0.00730478
stHelens_1.ppm 0.0055371
sunset2_3.ppm 0.00449869
boat_4.ppm 0.000934244
sunset2_1.ppm 0.000777994
boat_1.ppm 0.000390625
pond_2.ppm 9.76562e-005
cherry_4.ppm 4.38997e-005
cherry_2.ppm 1.42073e-005
cherry_5.ppm 3.6507e-006

Query Results for boat_5 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = NO (text only)

boat_5.ppm 1.00152
pond_4.ppm 0.833921
pond_5.ppm 0.833316
pond_3.ppm 0.833091
pond_1.ppm 0.833003
cherry_3.ppm 0.832965
cherry_1.ppm 0.832912
boat_3.ppm 0.828901
sunset1_4.ppm 0.780763
crater_2.ppm 0.620093
crater_3.ppm 0.612265
beach_1.ppm 0.521163
sunset2_5.ppm 0.520477
sunset1_3.ppm 0.379836
crater_4.ppm 0.129838
beach_2.ppm 0.1212
sunset2_4.ppm 0.116476
crater_1.ppm 0.069262
beach_4.ppm 0.0605624
crater_5.ppm 0.0554896
beach_5.ppm 0.0540342
beach_3.ppm 0.0454942
sunset2_2.ppm 0.0316041
sunset1_2.ppm 0.0212538
boat_2.ppm 0.0193328
sunset1_1.ppm 0.0166827
sunset1_5.ppm 0.0096844
stHelens_5.ppm 0.00822607
stHelens_2.ppm 0.00753267
stHelens_3.ppm 0.00750662
stHelens_4.ppm 0.00730478
stHelens_1.ppm 0.0055371
sunset2_3.ppm 0.00449869
boat_4.ppm 0.000934244
sunset2_1.ppm 0.000777994
boat_1.ppm 0.000390625
pond_2.ppm 9.76562e-005
cherry_4.ppm 4.38997e-005
cherry_2.ppm 1.42073e-005
cherry_5.ppm 3.6507e-006

Query Results for cherry_3 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = YES (text only)

cherry_3.ppm 1.00552
cherry_1.ppm 1.00326
pond_3.ppm 0.998516
pond_1.ppm 0.998459
pond_5.ppm 0.994607
pond_4.ppm 0.948831
boat_5.ppm 0.831889
boat_3.ppm 0.823562
sunset1_4.ppm 0.778005
crater_3.ppm 0.556656
crater_2.ppm 0.546311
sunset2_5.ppm 0.516753
sunset1_3.ppm 0.366
beach_1.ppm 0.353338
cherry_4.ppm 0.00219704
sunset2_2.ppm 0.0010694
stHelens_3.ppm 0.000365959
stHelens_4.ppm 0.000342714
crater_1.ppm 0.000326438
beach_3.ppm 0.000325612
beach_4.ppm 0.000325612
beach_3.ppm 0.000325612
beach_4.ppm 0.000325612
stHelens_2.ppm 0.000319102
stHelens_5.ppm 0.000319102
stHelens_2.ppm 0.000319102
stHelens_5.ppm 0.000319102
stHelens_1.ppm 0.000311354
sunset2_4.ppm 0.000210396
boat_2.ppm 0.000158726
boat_4.ppm 0.000150977
boat_1.ppm 0.000102654
crater_4.ppm 9.44927e-005
sunset1_5.ppm 8.43603e-005
sunset2_3.ppm 5.09371e-005
beach_2.ppm 5.08913e-005
cherry_2.ppm 4.76819e-005
beach_5.ppm 4.43809e-005
crater_5.ppm 3.58531e-005
cherry_5.ppm 3.30106e-005
sunset2_1.ppm 1.79266e-005
pond_2.ppm 6.51042e-006
sunset1_1.ppm 0
sunset1_2.ppm 0

Query Results for cherry_3 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = NO (text only)

cherry_3.ppm 0.996971
pond_5.ppm 0.994787
pond_3.ppm 0.994772
cherry_1.ppm 0.994722
pond_1.ppm 0.994714
pond_4.ppm 0.95062
boat_5.ppm 0.832965
boat_3.ppm 0.824587
sunset1_4.ppm 0.778753
crater_3.ppm 0.555984
crater_2.ppm 0.545605
sunset2_5.ppm 0.515876
sunset1_3.ppm 0.365356
beach_1.ppm 0.352727
cherry_4.ppm 0.00218677
sunset2_2.ppm 0.00110936
stHelens_4.ppm 0.000404133
beach_4.ppm 0.000393485
stHelens_1.ppm 0.000393485
beach_4.ppm 0.000393485
stHelens_1.ppm 0.000393485
beach_3.ppm 0.00038381
stHelens_2.ppm 0.00037444
stHelens_3.ppm 0.00036507
stHelens_5.ppm 0.000357769
crater_1.ppm 0.000354118
sunset2_4.ppm 0.000284207
sunset1_2.ppm 0.000171552
boat_2.ppm 0.000158623
boat_4.ppm 0.000150926
beach_2.ppm 0.000130726
crater_4.ppm 0.000116914
boat_1.ppm 0.000102311
beach_5.ppm 9.3032e-005
sunset1_5.ppm 8.39661e-005
crater_5.ppm 5.80157e-005
sunset1_1.ppm 5.76202e-005
sunset2_3.ppm 5.07143e-005
cherry_2.ppm 4.74591e-005
cherry_5.ppm 3.28563e-005
sunset2_1.ppm 1.7858e-005
pond_2.ppm 6.51042e-006

Query Results for stHelens_2 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = YES (text only)

stHelens_2.ppm 1.00027
stHelens_3.ppm 0.875839
cherry_4.ppm 0.497264
stHelens_4.ppm 0.354953
stHelens_1.ppm 0.28042
stHelens_5.ppm 0.257003
beach_3.ppm 0.217502
beach_4.ppm 0.200184
crater_1.ppm 0.134937
boat_1.ppm 0.130755
beach_2.ppm 0.123564
beach_1.ppm 0.052507
beach_5.ppm 0.0488742
sunset1_3.ppm 0.0369827
sunset1_1.ppm 0.0343297
crater_4.ppm 0.0304106
crater_2.ppm 0.029906
sunset1_2.ppm 0.0292583
crater_3.ppm 0.0286785
sunset2_3.ppm 0.0280539
sunset2_2.ppm 0.0278358
crater_5.ppm 0.0209215
sunset2_4.ppm 0.0180862
sunset2_5.ppm 0.00244792
pond_4.ppm 0.000367839
sunset1_5.ppm 0.000335286
boat_3.ppm 0.000325521
cherry_3.ppm 0.000319102
boat_5.ppm 0.000263672
boat_4.ppm 0.000260417
pond_5.ppm 0.000166016
boat_2.ppm 0.000117187
sunset1_4.ppm 6.51042e-005
pond_3.ppm 5.20833e-005
sunset2_1.ppm 4.23177e-005
pond_2.ppm 2.60417e-005
pond_1.ppm 1.30208e-005
cherry_1.ppm 0
cherry_2.ppm 0
cherry_5.ppm 0

Query Results for stHelens_2 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = NO (text only)

stHelens_2.ppm 0.999244
stHelens_3.ppm 0.88426
cherry_4.ppm 0.496336
stHelens_4.ppm 0.357675
stHelens_1.ppm 0.281808
beach_3.ppm 0.25972
stHelens_5.ppm 0.257822
beach_4.ppm 0.209146
beach_2.ppm 0.200213
boat_1.ppm 0.181201
crater_1.ppm 0.164405
beach_1.ppm 0.0807199
crater_4.ppm 0.074763
sunset2_4.ppm 0.0638414
sunset2_2.ppm 0.0620842
beach_5.ppm 0.0620809
sunset2_3.ppm 0.0619182
crater_2.ppm 0.057276
sunset1_1.ppm 0.0537638
crater_5.ppm 0.0533861
sunset1_3.ppm 0.0528361
crater_3.ppm 0.0507005
sunset1_2.ppm 0.0458961
boat_2.ppm 0.0363481
sunset2_5.ppm 0.0302089
sunset2_1.ppm 0.0197562
boat_3.ppm 0.0192413
pond_4.ppm 0.0171127
sunset1_4.ppm 0.0149938
sunset1_5.ppm 0.0133139
boat_5.ppm 0.00753267
boat_4.ppm 0.00398112
pond_5.ppm 0.00268555
pond_3.ppm 0.00138346
pond_1.ppm 0.000989583
cherry_3.ppm 0.00037444
pond_2.ppm 0.000322265
cherry_2.ppm 1.09521e-005
cherry_1.ppm 0
cherry_5.ppm 0

Query Results for sunset1_2 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = YES (text only)

sunset1_2.ppm 0.996711
sunset1_3.ppm 0.565571
sunset1_1.ppm 0.516674
crater_5.ppm 0.466083
stHelens_4.ppm 0.451148
beach_3.ppm 0.412887
sunset2_4.ppm 0.23986
sunset2_2.ppm 0.189295
sunset2_5.ppm 0.189153
sunset2_3.ppm 0.162985
sunset1_4.ppm 0.144937
boat_2.ppm 0.144712
beach_1.ppm 0.142439
beach_5.ppm 0.117772
crater_4.ppm 0.0800822
sunset2_1.ppm 0.0765482
stHelens_5.ppm 0.0520685
stHelens_1.ppm 0.0497776
crater_2.ppm 0.0494977
crater_1.ppm 0.0398166
stHelens_2.ppm 0.0292583
crater_3.ppm 0.0274892
beach_2.ppm 0.0257083
stHelens_3.ppm 0.0244404
boat_5.ppm 0.0211933
sunset1_5.ppm 0.00965188
beach_4.ppm 0.00736339
pond_4.ppm 0.00641933
boat_3.ppm 0.0040886
pond_3.ppm 0.00111979
pond_5.ppm 0.00108398
pond_1.ppm 0.000800781
boat_4.ppm 0.000598958
pond_2.ppm 0.000253906
boat_1.ppm 0.000218099
cherry_1.ppm 0
cherry_2.ppm 0
cherry_3.ppm 0
cherry_4.ppm 0
cherry_5.ppm 0

Query Results for sunset1_2 with C = OPP, S = INT, and SP = NO (text only)

sunset1_2.ppm 0.996022
sunset1_3.ppm 0.566925
sunset1_1.ppm 0.518219
crater_5.ppm 0.494478
stHelens_4.ppm 0.46551
beach_3.ppm 0.428705
sunset2_4.ppm 0.302267
sunset2_5.ppm 0.289901
beach_1.ppm 0.280655
sunset2_2.ppm 0.258557
beach_5.ppm 0.238075
sunset2_3.ppm 0.222979
boat_2.ppm 0.165932
sunset2_1.ppm 0.16552
sunset1_4.ppm 0.146083
crater_2.ppm 0.126613
stHelens_5.ppm 0.103506
crater_4.ppm 0.0981938
crater_3.ppm 0.0859343
stHelens_1.ppm 0.0587705
crater_1.ppm 0.0480314
stHelens_2.ppm 0.0458961
stHelens_3.ppm 0.0337768
beach_2.ppm 0.0300236
pond_4.ppm 0.0214942
boat_5.ppm 0.0212538
beach_4.ppm 0.020772
sunset1_5.ppm 0.0124969
boat_3.ppm 0.00431315
pond_5.ppm 0.00238281
pond_3.ppm 0.00124023
pond_1.ppm 0.000908203
boat_4.ppm 0.000791015
cherry_4.ppm 0.000397439
pond_2.ppm 0.00038737
boat_1.ppm 0.000266927
cherry_3.ppm 0.000171552
cherry_2.ppm 7.3014e-006
cherry_1.ppm 0
cherry_5.ppm 0

Retrieval Performance
Here are graphs of the average precision % and average recall % across the 5 query images, for each of the 8 combinations.









RGB INT YES appears to be the best combination of options for our 5 query image set, since it starts at the highest precision % and starts at almost 50% recall. All the graphs fall to about 20% precision by the 15 image mark, so it's not worse than the other options.

Google Image Results.
Top 20 Google images sorted by similarity to beach_1.ppm with C=OPP, S=INT, SP=YES:

beach-sky.ppm 0.504576

eratap_beach.ppm 0.353246

miami-beach.ppm 0.35324

myspace-beach-pictures-0001.ppm 0.353004

Sunset-Beach.ppm 0.352852

SunsetBeach.ppm 0.224872

big_makena-beach_550.ppm 0.158733

EastBeach1.ppm 0.138422

devils-beach.ppm 0.123213

beach_wallpaper_brazil.ppm 0.07946

beach.ppm 0.0371411

1390526-Nice_view_of_the_beach_eh-Daytona_Beach.ppm 0.0175196

scarborough+beach.ppm 0.0111185

beach101801.ppm 0.00368695

poipu_beach_park_001.ppm 0.000254924

EastBeach2.ppm 0.000171542

beach7.ppm 0.000114848

siam-beach-resort-koh-chang.ppm 6.11751e-005

beach1a.ppm 0

beach8.ppm 0

Top 20 Google images sorted by similarity to boat_2.ppm with C=OPP, S=INT, SP=YES:

boat-main.ppm 0.0945297

boat2.ppm 0.0425834

EcoBoatPA1_468x309.jpe.ppm 0.042429

boat-sub.ppm 0.0382731

boat-1_7071.ppm 0.0351362

electric_boat-c39b.ppm 0.0211566

Sailing_Boat.ppm 0.00146364

solar-powered-boat1.ppm 0.00120631

2026_04_39---Speed-boat_web.ppm 0.000665107

fat-boat-1.ppm 0.000422431

BOAT1.ppm 0.000372047

zodiac_boat.ppm 0.000328176

The_Jolly_Boat.ppm 0.000261418

SCUBA-the-boat.ppm 0.000218895

BoatLkPowellm.ppm 0.000218307

boat-2_7071.ppm 9.48106e-005

boat_hull.ppm 6.83594e-005

boat-loans.ppm 6.2724e-005

boat12.ppm 3.2495e-005