CSE 378 - Winter 2002

Machine Organization and Assembly Language Programming

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Outline

1. Introduction to architecture and organization
2. Instruction set and assembly language
   • General computer structure
   • Memory structures: registers, information units, addressing
   • CPU: instructions
3. Signed and unsigned numbers
4. An example architecture:  the MIPS R2000
   • Overview of MIPS:  registers, data types, addressing
   • Computation, data transfer & control instructions
   • Instruction encoding
   • Addressing modes
5. Procedures and stacks
6. Evolution of architectures, RISC vs. CISC
7. Performance metrics
8. Processor implementation
   • Data path
   • Single-cycle implementation and control
   • Multiple-cycle implementation and control
   • A control alternative:  microprogramming
9. Processor implementation, pipelining
   1. Data path
   2. Data hazards, forwarding
   3. Control hazards, delayed branches, branch prediction
   4. Instruction-level parallelism
10. Memory hierarchies
    1. Caches
    2. Cache design parameters
    3. Virtual memory