Rank of an Element
- Rank of an element E in an array A is the number of elements of A less than E plus the number of elements equal to E appearing to the left of E.
- Let A = [3, 7, 4, 2, 1, 9, 3]
- Rank of the last 3 in A is 3.
- All ranks of A: [2, 5, 4, 1, 0, 6, 3]