#!/usr/bin/ruby

















"hi"          # double quoted string literal
'hi'          # single quoted string literal
%q{hi}        # %q-quoted string literal

# String interpolation
x = 'something'
interp = "say #{x}, say anything"

-1                          # prefix unary send
'hello,' + ' world'         # infix send
'hello, world'.slice(0, 5)  # keyword send: returns 'hello'
3.to_s                      # no-argument keyword send: returns string '3'

[3, 4, 17, -2]     # literal array

x = 'hi'           # assignment; returns left-hand-side
a = b = c = x      # chained assignments (assignments are expresions)

# conditional expression; syntactic sugar for block version
i = if x == 'hi'
        3
    else
        7
    end

# a cased conditional expression
print (case i
       when 0..2 then "low"
       when 3..6 then "medium"
       when 7..9 then "high"
       end \
       + "\n")

# control structures
3.times { print "hi!\n" }

# the upto message of integers takes a block parameter
1.upto(10) { |x| print (x.to_s + "\n") }

# the foreach message on arrays
['hi','hola','bonjour'].each { |x|
    print (x + ", world\n")
}

# I/O
aFile = File.new("testfile")
aFile.each_byte {|ch| putc ch; putc ?. }

File.open("testfile", "r") { |aFile|
    # process file.
    aFile.each_line {|line| puts "Got #{line.dump}" }
}