/*
* Copyright ©2026 Soham Pardeshi. All rights reserved.
* Permission is hereby granted to students registered for University of
* Washington CSE 333 for use solely during Summer Quarter 2026 for
* purposes of the course. No other use, copying, distribution, or
* modification is permitted without prior written consent. Copyrights
* for third-party components of this work must be honored. Instructors
* interested in reusing these course materials should contact the author.
*/
#include <errno.h> // errno, EINTR
#include <stdlib.h> // EXIT_SUCCESS
#include <string.h> // strlen
#include <unistd.h> // write, STDOUT_FILENO
// WriteAll: write exactly n bytes from buf to fd.
//
// The mirror of ReadAll. write() can also accept fewer bytes than you
// hand it, so we loop and advance by what actually got written, retrying
// on EINTR. There is no EOF case: writing never hits end-of-file, so the
// loop is a touch simpler than read's. Returns the number of bytes written.
int WriteAll(int fd, const char* buf, int n) {
int bytes_left = n;
int result;
while (bytes_left > 0) {
result = write(fd, buf + (n - bytes_left), bytes_left);
if (result == -1) {
if (errno != EINTR) {
break; // a real error
}
continue; // EINTR: just retry
}
bytes_left -= result;
}
return n - bytes_left;
}
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
const char* msg = "hello from WriteAll\n";
WriteAll(STDOUT_FILENO, msg, strlen(msg));
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}