#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <unordered_map>

using namespace std;

//---------------------------
// Utility printing methods
//---------------------------
void printSeparator(string s) {
  cout << endl << "=====================================================" << endl;
  cout << s << endl;
}

template <class T>
void dumpMap(const T c) {
  for (auto const &el : c) {
    // the value, el, is a pair (key,mapped value)
    cout << el.first << " -> " << el.second << endl;
  }
}

//---------------------------
// mainline
//---------------------------
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
  map<string, int> orderedMap = { {"one", 1},
                                  {"two", 2},
                                };
  unordered_map<string,int> unorderedMap  = { {"one", 1},
                                              {"two", 2},
                                           };

  printSeparator("Ordered map:");
  cout << endl << "orderedMap[one] == " << orderedMap["one"] << endl;
  orderedMap.insert({"three", 3});
  orderedMap["four"] = 4;
  cout << "Ordered map:" << endl;
  dumpMap(orderedMap);

  printSeparator("Unordered map:");
  cout << endl << "unorderedMap[one] == " << unorderedMap["one"] << endl;
  unorderedMap.insert({"three", 3});
  unorderedMap["four"] = 4;
  cout << "Unordered map:" << endl;
  dumpMap(unorderedMap);


  // Sure, the key can be an int...
  printSeparator("int key map:");
  unordered_map<int,string> intStringMap = { {1, "one"},
                                             {10, "ten"},
                                             {100, "one hundred"},
                                             {1000, "one thousand"}
                                           };
  cout << endl << "intStringMap:" << endl;
  dumpMap(intStringMap);

  // What happens when this statement is executed?
  cout << endl << "intStringMap[6] == " << intStringMap[6] << endl;
  cout << "intStringMap now is:" << endl;
  dumpMap(intStringMap);

  try {
    cout << endl << "intStringMap.at(8) == " << intStringMap.at(8) << endl;
  } catch (...) {
    cout << endl << "intStringMap.at(8) == caught exception" << endl;
  }

  return 0;
}