The eight sectors for classifying directions.
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It is sometimes difficult to navigate the 643 acres of the UW campus. To address this problem, UW Marketing has commissioned you to build a route-finding tool. It will take the names of two buildings and generate directions for the shortest walking route between them, using your graph ADT to represent buildings and pathways on campus. For now, you will provide a simple text interface, and on the next homework you will write a graphical user interface (GUI). For this homework, you will be writing a complete application runnable from the command line through a main method.
In this assignment, you should continue to practice modular design and writing code for reuse. As before, you get to choose what classes to write and what data and methods each should have. You will also get experience using the model-view-controller design pattern, and in Homework 10 you will reuse your model with a more sophisticated view and controller.
For organization, this assignment contains one “problem” for each logical component you will write. The order of the problems is not meant to suggest an order of implementation. You will certainly want to design the whole system before attempting to implement any part. As always, you should also develop incrementally, which may mean repeatedly writing a bit of all the parts and verifying that they work together.
As you design and implement your solution, list which parts of your code belong to the model, the view, the controller, or none of the above in hw8/answers.txt. Often this can be on a per-class level, but when a class implements both the view and controller, you must indicate which methods or lines logically represent the view and which represent the controller. Be sure to list ALL classes you write for Homework 8. This should just be a list though, no sentences needed.
In general, functionality of a model includes:
The view answers questions like: Does the user interact with a text interface or a GUI? What does the user type and/or click to get directions from CSE to Odegaard? How are those directions formatted for display? What message does the user see upon requesting directions to an unknown building?
For a simple interface like in this assignment, the view and controller may be intermingled somewhat in code. Don't worry too much about the separation there; the key point for now is that the model is cleanly separated and reusable.
Avoid the temptation to create an oversized "god class" that does everything for the model. The model may contain multiple classes, and the view can interact with multiple classes in the model. Most of the time, any class that exists solely to represent data is part of the model. For this assignment, you will likely choose to have one central model class that manages the graph and does most of the heavy lifting, but you will likely also want some smaller objects that encapsulate related data. Some of these objects might be returned to the view so it can access their data directly, avoiding the "god class" scenario; others might be used only internally within the model.
Your model should be completely independent of the view (UI), which means it shouldn't know or decide how data is displayed. The model does know something about what data and operations the application needs, and it should provide methods to access them; however, it shouldn't return strings tailored to a particular view and definitely should not print anything. Imagine replacing your text UI with a GUI or a Spanish/Mandarin/Klingon text UI (but with the same English building names) and ask yourself: is my model reusable with this new view?
On the flip side, a client (such as the view) doesn't know anything about how the model stores data internally. Someone writing a view for your application should only know that the model somehow stores information about buildings and paths on campus and should only interact with the data at this level. In other words, the public interface of the model should give no indication that this data is represented internally as a graph. That level of detail is irrelevant to the view, and revealing it publicly means the model implementation can no longer change without potentially breaking view code.
We have added four files to hw8/data: two plain-text data files to be parsed by your application, campus_buildings.tsv and campus_paths.tsv, and two images depicting the data from these files, campus_map.jpg and campus_routes.jpg. The .tsv files are plain-text files that can be opened in any text editor. Their format is described below. The image campus_map.jpg is a standard map of campus, while campus_routes.jpg is an image with the same proportions but containing only lines for walking paths and labels for some buildings. You will not directly use these images in your program; they are provided as an optional reference to help you understand what the data represents and to verify your path output.
As usual, your program should look for files using relative filenames starting with src, such as src/hw8/data/campus_buildings.tsv. (For more about this, see file path instructions from Homework 6.)
You will write a parser to load the data from these files into memory. We have provided opencsv as a dependency and also have created some method stubs and classes to get you started using the same. You may edit these files as you like. You can also use MarvelParser.java as a general example of how to read and parse a file, keeping in mind that the campus data files are structured differently from the Marvel data file.
The file campus_buildings.tsv lists all buildings on campus that were known at the time the data files were created. Each line has four tab-separated fields:
shortName longName x y
where shortName is the abbreviated name of a building, longName is the full name of a building, and (x,y) is the location of the building's entrance in pixels on campus_map.jpg. Some buildings have two entrances, which are listed as separate entries with unique abbreviated and full names. There may be spaces in the long name and/or short name of a building.
The file campus_paths.tsv defines straight-line segments of walking paths. For each path segment, there is a line in the file with three tab-separated fields:
x1,y1 x2,y2 distance
where x1,y1 is the pixel coordinates of the starting point in campus_map.jpg, x2,y2 is the pixel coordinates of the ending point in campus_map.jpg, and distance is the distance from (xi,yi) to (xj,yj) in feet.
You may assume that there are no duplicate lines in the file.
Some endpoints are building entrances and will match the coordinates of an entry in campus_buildings.tsv, but most are not. The dataset lists only outdoor paths, to ensure (for example) that the paths work even if it's midnight, all the buildings are locked, and you're being chased by a zombie so you really need the shortest path.
As described above, the model handles the data and contains the major logic and computation of your program. For this assignment, a key function of the model will be finding the shortest walking route between buildings. This can be accomplished by using Dijkstra's algorithm to find a shortest path in the graph, where edge weights represent the physical length of a route segment.
On this homework, you will write a simple text interface. When the program is launched through the main method, it repeatedly prompts the user for one of the following one-character commands:
To support the test scripts you will write later, your program should simply echo empty lines or lines beginning with # to System.out. It should not attempt to process these lines as commands and should not reprint the usual prompt for a command after printing the line.
Otherwise, when an unknown command is received the program prints the line
Unknown option
We have provided the output from a sample run of our solution in hw8/sample_output.txt. This file reflects the exact appearance of the console window after running the program, and includes both user input and program output. If you run your program with the user input in the file, the state of the console should match the file contents exactly (including whitespace). The sample file and the descriptions below, taken together, should completely specify the output format of your program.
Route directions start with
Path from Building 1 to Building 2:
where Building 1 and Building 2 are the full names of the two buildings specified by the user. Route directions are then printed with one line per path segment. Each line is indented with a single tab and reads:
Walk dist feet direction to (x, y)
where dist is the length of that segment in feet, direction is a compass direction, and (x, y) are the pixel coordinates of the segment endpoint. Finally, the route directions end with
Total distance: x feet
where x is the sum of the (non-rounded) distances of the individual route segments.
Distances and coordinates should be rounded to the nearest integer. We recommend the use of format strings.
Each compass direction is one of N, E, S, W, NE, SE, NW, or SW and can be determined by comparing the coordinates of the start and end points. Pixel (0,0) is at the top-left corner of the image, and the direction is selected according the eight sectors shown below. Points that fall exactly on a boundary between sectors can be either of the two adjacent sectors. (Hint: the function Math.atan2 and the constant Math.PI are helpful for determining which sector a route segment falls into. When using Math.atan2, think very carefully about the directions in which pixels increase as compared to the Cartesian coordinate plane.)
Finally, if one of the two buildings in a route is not in the dataset, the program prints the line
Unknown building: [name]
instead of any information about a path (there should be no line starting “Path from...”). If neither building is in the dataset, the program prints the line twice, once for each building. You may assume there is a route between every pair of buildings in the dataset; if not, the behavior is undefined.
For this assignment, the logical view and controller may be part of the same class. If so, you must clarify which parts of the class are the view and which are the controller in answers.txt, as described above. Do so by method — or even by line, if needed, though we recommend against having a single method contain parts of the view and the controller.
As usual, your tests should be organized into specification and implementation tests. Unlike in previous assignments, the specification is based solely on the output of the complete application, as invoked through the main method.
To this end, we have provided a class HW8TestDriver that looks very different from your test drivers for past assignments. The runTests method accepts the names of two files, one for input and one for output, and temporarily points System.in and System.out to these files while it runs your main program. The result is that commands are read from the input file and output is printed to the output file. For your tests to run, you simply need to add one line to HW8TestDriver to invoke your main method.
As usual, you will specify the commands for your tests to run in *.test files. These files simply contain the series of input a user would have entered at the command line as the program was running. Recall from Problem 3 that you can also include blank lines or comment lines (starting with #) for readability and documentation, and your controller should echo these lines to the output. For each test, a corresponding .expected file should contain the output your program is expected to print if a user entered that input. As usual, the provided ScriptFileTests class will find all the .test files in the hw8/test directory, use the test driver to run each test (with a 30-second timeout for this assignment), print its output to a .actual file, and compare the output against the corresponding .expected file.
We have provided an example test in hw8/test. Note that the .expected file contains only newlines printed by the program using System.out.println, not newlines that were contained in the input from the .test file. So the .expected file will look somewhat different from the hw8/sample_output.txt file, which does show user input.
Additionally, you should write implementation tests for every class that is not part of the view or controller, and add the test class names to ImplementationTests.java. You may not need implementation tests for the view and controller. One reason is that they typically have very little functionality — they act as glue between the UI (which is hard to test programmatically) and the model. Furthermore, end-to-end behavior of your application is tested through the specification tests. You may write additional tests for your view and controller if you feel there are important cases not covered by your specification tests, but avoid creating unnecessary work for yourself by duplicating tests.
As explained in Homework 7, IntelliJ's built-in compiler sometimes handles generics differently from javac, the standard command-line compiler. This means code that compiles in IntelliJ might not compile when we run our grading scripts, leaving us unable to test your code and significantly affecting your grade. You must periodically make sure your code compiles (builds) with javac by running ./gradlew compileJava from the hw8 directory (which will also build hw3, hw6, and hw7 automatically).
Remember to practice good procedural decomposition: each method should be short and represent a single logical operation or common task. In particular, it can be tempting to implement your entire view and controller as one long method, but strive to keep each method short by factoring operations into small helper methods.
Store your data in appropriate types/classes. In particular, you should not pack together data into a String and then later parse the String to extract the components.
Remember that your graph should be completely hidden within the model. Classes that depend on the model (namely, the view and controller) should have no idea that the data is stored in a graph, not even from the class documentation. If you decided later to switch to a different graph ADT or to do away with the graph altogether (for example, by making calls to the Google Maps API to find paths), you want to be able to change the model without affecting the view and controller, whose job has nothing to do with how the data is stored or computed.
As usual, include an abstraction function, representation invariant, and checkRep in all classes that represent an ADT. If a class does not represent an ADT, place a comment that explicitly says so where the AF and RI would normally go. (For example, classes that contain only static methods and are never constructed usually do not represent an ADT.) You very well may find that you have more non-ADT classes on this assignment than in the past. Please come to office hours if you feel unsure about what counts as an ADT and what doesn't.
Do not call System.exit to terminate your program, as it will prevent your specification tests from passing.
If you use Scanner to read user input from System.in, be sure not to call both next() and nextLine() on the same Scanner object, as the Scanner may misbehave. In particular, some students have found that it causes their programs to work correctly with console input but not when they run their tests. Using Scanner is not necessary.
Please answer the following questions in a file named hw8/collaboration.txt.
The standard collaboration policy applies to this assignment. State whether or
not you collaborated with other students. If you did collaborate with other
students, state their names and a brief description of how you collaborated.
Complete the Canvas Quiz associated with this assignment. You will receive full credit for this section if you complete the quiz. Your answers will be anonymous to the instructors. This quiz is due 24 hours after the assignment due date. You cannot use late days for this quiz.
You should add, commit, and push the following files to your GitLab repository:
Additionally, be sure to commit and push any updates you make to the following files, as well as any files in hw5, hw6, or hw7:
Refer to the assignment submission handout for complete turnin instructions.