1. Buggy JavaScript Code:

The following pages have mistakes that cause their JavaScript code not to work properly. Look at the pages, find the bug(s), and correct the problems.

The following links may help you in the debugging process:

Firebug
W3C Validators: XHTML, CSS
JSLint
Bonus Lecture Slides - Debugging JavaScript

Solutions

buggy1: HTML script tag has name of JS file misspelled. Discover by putting alert at top of JS file, noticing that it doesn't show, checking script tag.
buggy2: HTML script tag is self-closing (not valid; breaks whole page in FF), and misspelled name of onclick attribute. Discover by using W3C XHTML Validator.
buggy3: many syntax errors:
- semicolon after () in function header
- '' instead of " to close string
- Alert shouldn't be uppercase
- ) instead of } to close function
Discover by looking at Firebug error console, and/or by running JSLint.
buggy4: syntax error, missing } brace. Discover by running JSLint (error message more helpful than Firebug's).

2. Font Manipulation

Apply JavaScript to the paragraph #text to beautify it. Change the following:

the text of the paragraph to something of your choice
the font, font size, and color of the text

font.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Prettify</title>
      <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/prototype/1.6.1.0/prototype.js" 
         type="text/javascript"></script>
      <script src="font.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <p id="text">Click the button below and beautify the font.</p>
      <div><button id="prettify">Prettify</button></div>
   </body>
</html>

problem by Rishi Goutam

Solution

Add the following to font.html:

<div><button id="prettify" onclick="prettify();">Prettify</button></div>

font.js:

function prettify() {
   var text = document.getElementById("text");
   // can also use: var text = $("text");
   text.innerHTML = "Look! It's pretty!";
   
   // font styles added by JS:
   text.style.fontSize = "13pt";
   text.style.fontFamily = "Comic Sans MS";
   text.style.color = "red";
}

3. Is it Caturday?

Given the following skeleton HTML file, write the necessary JavaScript code to decide whether it is "Caturday" (Saturday) when the "Is it Caturday?" button is clicked.

caturday.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Is it Caturday?</title>
      <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/prototype/1.6.1.0/prototype.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
      <script src="caturday.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
      <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="http://webster.cs.washington.edu/cse190m/sections/5/caturday/caturday.css" />
   </head>
   <body>
      <h1 id="answer"></h1>
      <p><button id="button">Is it Caturday?</button></p>
   </body>
</html>

You should inject "YES" or "NO" into the #answer paragraph depending on whether the current day of the week is Caturday. You should also change the class of the body tag to .yes or .no accordingly.

To figure out whether today is Caturday, use a JavaScript Date object:

var now = new Date();   // this very moment!

You can use the getDay method of a date object to figure out the day of the week. It will return a number between 0 (Sunday) and 6. To test on a day you know is Caturday, pass a parameter to the date object:

var caturday = new Date("April 23, 2011 01:23:45");

Here's a working solution for you to try out. (Don't peek at the code!)

problem by Morgan Doocy

Solution

Add the following to caturday.html:

<p><button id="button" onclick="caturday();">Is it Caturday?</button></p>

font.js:

function caturday() {
   var today = new Date();
   // var today = new Date("April 23, 2011 01:23:45");
   
   var caturday = today.getDay() == 6;
   var text = caturday ? "YES" : "NO";
   $('answer').innerHTML = text;
   document.body.className = text.toLowerCase();
}

4. Regular Expressions

Take words.txt and regex.php and print out the words that match the following conditions:

Both the Martys
The Stepp brothers
The hw directories but not the mistyped "hwFour"
The words "Babbage" through the words "scabbards"
Any variation of "yes"
Words of length seven
Characters from the Dilbert comic
Something of your choice

words.txt:

Marty Stepp
Marty McFly
Michael Stepp
hw1
hw2
hw3
hwFour
Babbage
cabbage
cabbages
sabbath
Sabbathize
Sabbathizes
sabbatical
scab
scabbard
scabbards
dogbert
catbert
dilbert
Bertrand Russell
Bertie Bott's Every Flavor Beans
ABBA
YES
yes
yEs
yesss...I mean no. NO NO NO DON'T PUSH THAT BUTTON
y
yeS
YeS
YEs
ye
yse

regex.php:

<?php
   // Put your regular expression here. The PHP code below will print
   // a list of the lines in words.txt that match it.
   $regexp = "//";
   
   $lines = file("words.txt");
?>
<ol>
<?php
   foreach ($lines as $line) {
      if (preg_match($regexp, $line)) {
         ?>
         <li><?= $line ?></li>
         <?php
      }
   }
?>
</ol>

problem by Rishi Goutam

Solution

regex.php:

<?php
   // This solution puts all regular expressions into an array
   // and loops over them, printing the matches for each one.
   $regexps = array (
      "/Marty/",     // 1. Both Martys
      "/Stepp/",     // 2. The Stepp Brothers
      "/hw\d/",      // 3. HW Directories
      "/abba/",      // 4. Babbage through scabbards
      "/^(yes)$/i",  // 5. Any variation of "yes"
      "/^\w{7}$/",   // 6. Words of length seven
      "/bert$/"      // 7. Characters from Dilbert
   );
   
   $lines = file("words.txt", FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);
?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Regular Expression Tester</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      
<?php
   foreach ($regexps as $regexp) {
      ?>
      <p><strong><code><?= $regexp ?></code></strong>:</p>
      <ol>
      <?php
         foreach ($lines as $line) {
            if (preg_match($regexp, $line)) {
               ?>
               <li><?= $line ?></li>
               <?php
            }
         }
      ?>
      </ol>
      <?php
   }
?>
   </body>
</html>

5. Weight Conversion

Write a function convert() in conversions.js that takes the value in the text input and converts it from the unit selected in the left dropdown box to the unit selected on the right. The result should be displayed in the empty span with the id of “answer.” The conversion factor from pounds to kilograms is 0.45359237, and the conversion factor from kilograms to pounds is 2.20462262. You should edit the HTML file conversions.html to add ids to the elements as necessary and you may assume valid input.

conversions.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Weight Conversion</title>
      <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/prototype/1.6.1.0/prototype.js"
         type="text/javascript"></script>
      <script src="conversions.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <fieldset>
         Convert <input type="text"/>
         <select>
            <option>kg</option>
            <option>lb</option>
         </select>
         <select>
            <option>lb</option>
            <option>kg</option>
         </select>
         <button>Calculate</button>
         <span id="answer"></span>
      </fieldset>
   </body>
</html>

Solution

conversions.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Weight Conversion</title>
      <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/prototype/1.6.1.0/prototype.js"
         type="text/javascript"></script>
      <script src="conversions.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <fieldset>
         Convert <input type="text" id="input" />
         <select id="from">
            <option>kg</option>
            <option>lb</option>
         </select>
         <select id="to">
            <option>lb</option>
            <option>kg</option>
         </select>
         <button onclick="convert();">Calculate</button>
         <span id="answer"></span>
      </fieldset>
   </body>
</html>

conversions.js:

function convert() {
   value = parseInt($("input").value);
   if ($("from").value == "kg" && $("to").value == "lb") {
      value *= 2.20462262;
   } else if ($("from").value == "lb" && $("to").value == "kg") {
      value *= 0.45359237;
   }
   $("answer").innerHTML = value;
}

6. Order-It: (long)

Today we'll write a page that lets us perform various manipulations on the text in a text area. Here is the page (click the image to run our sample solution, written by TAs Sylvia Tashev and Stefanie Hatcher):

The HTML and CSS are already written, but we must add JavaScript code to make the UI respond when the user clicks the buttons. Start from the following skeleton:

orderit.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
      <title>Order-It!</title>

      <link href="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/labs/section5-orderit/solution/orderit.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />

      <script src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/scriptaculous/prototype.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

      <!-- your file -->
      <script src="orderit.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>

   <body>
      <h1>
         Order-It!

         <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/w3c-xhtml.png" alt="Valid XHTML 1.1" />
         </a>
         <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/w3c-css.png" alt="Valid CSS" />
         </a>
         <a href="http://webster.cs.washington.edu/jslint?referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/jslint.png" alt="JavaScript Lint" />
         </a>
      </h1>

      <div>
<textarea rows="18" cols="100">
Sample Item 1
Sample Item 2
Sample Item 3
Sample Item 4

Sample Item 5
Sample Item 6


Sample Item 7
</textarea>
      </div>

      <div>
         <button>Clear All</button>
         <button>Capitalize</button>
         <button>Sort</button>
         <button>Reverse</button>
         <button>Add Numbers</button>
         <button>Strip Blank</button>
         <button>Shuffle</button>
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

Add the following behavior to the buttons:

Clear All: Deletes all text from the text area.
Capitalize: Converts the text to upper case.
Sort: Rearranges the lines into sorted alphabetical order.
Reverse: Reverses the order of the lines.
Add Line Numbers: Places a number in front of each line, such as "1. " (Don't worry about the possibility that the lines might already have numbers in front of them.)
Strip Blank Lines: Removes any blank/empty lines from the text area.
Shuffle: Rearranges the lines into a random order. JavaScript doesn't have a shuffle method for arrays, but you can write one using the following algorithm:
```
for each index i:
  randomly choose an index j >= i.
  swap lines i and j.
```

Recall that you can retrieve the JavaScript "DOM" object for a given HTML element with the document.getElementById function. Recall that an array has a length field and methods such as: concat, join, pop, push, reverse, shift, slice, sort, splice, unshift

If you finish all of that behavior, consider adding a button to change the capitalization of lines, such as capitalizing/lowercasing entire lines or converting lines to AlTeRnAtInG cAsE.

Solution

orderit.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <!-- Sylvia Tashev - April 20, 2009 -->

   <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
      <title>Order-It!</title>

      <link href="orderit.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
      <script src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/scriptaculous/prototype.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

      <!-- your files -->
      <script src="orderit.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>

   <body>
      <h1>
         Order-It!

         <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/w3c-xhtml.png" alt="Valid XHTML 1.1" />
         </a>
         <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/w3c-css.png" alt="Valid CSS" />
         </a>
         <a href="http://webster.cs.washington.edu/jslint?referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/jslint.png" alt="JavaScript Lint" />
         </a>
      </h1>

      <div>
<textarea id="text" rows="18" cols="100">
Sample Item 1
Sample Item 2
Sample Item 3
Sample Item 4

Sample Item 5
Sample Item 6


Sample Item 7
</textarea>
      </div>

      <div>
         <!-- Note the "dirty" use of Javascript: onclick as an attribute -->
         <button onclick="clearAll();">Clear All</button>
         <button onclick="capitalize();">Capitalize</button>
         <button onclick="sort();">Sort</button>
         <button onclick="reverse();">Reverse</button>
         <button onclick="lineNumbers();">Add Numbers</button>
         <button onclick="stripBlank();">Strip Blank</button>
         <button onclick="shuffle();">Shuffle</button>
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

orderit.js

// orderit.js Solution by Sylvia Tashev - April 25, 2009

// grabs the contents of the text box and puts the lines in an array
function getLines() {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    return textarea.value.split("\n");
}

// replaces the contents of the text box with the result
function putLines(a) {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    textarea.value = a.join("\n");
}

// removes all text from text area
function clearAll() {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    textarea.value = "";
}

// converts to uppercase
function capitalize() {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    textarea.value = textarea.value.toUpperCase();
}

// sorts by alphabetical order
function sort() {
    var a = getLines();
    a.sort();
    putLines(a);
}

// reverses order
function reverse() {
    var a = getLines();
    a.reverse();
    putLines(a);
}

// shuffles by randomly swapping elements
function shuffle(a) {
    var a = getLines();
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
        // swap each element i with another randomly chosen element in
        // the range [i, a.length)
        var j = i + parseInt(Math.random() * (a.length - i));
        if (i != j) {
            var temp = a[i];  // swap
            a[i] = a[j];
            a[j] = temp;
        }
    }
    putLines(a);
}

// removes empty lines
function stripBlank() {
    var a = getLines();
    var a2 = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
        if (a[i]) {
            a2.push(a[i]);
        }
    }
    putLines(a2);
}

// adds numbers "1. " to the front of each item
function lineNumbers(a) {
    var a = getLines();
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
        a[i] = (i + 1) + ". " + a[i];
    }
    putLines(a);
}

Solutions

1. Buggy JavaScript Code:

buggy1: HTML script tag has name of JS file misspelled. Discover by putting alert at top of JS file, noticing that it doesn't show, checking script tag.
buggy2: HTML script tag is self-closing (not valid; breaks whole page in FF), and misspelled name of onclick attribute. Discover by using W3C XHTML Validator.
buggy3: many syntax errors:
- semicolon after () in function header
- '' instead of " to close string
- Alert shouldn't be uppercase
- ) instead of } to close function
Discover by looking at Firebug error console, and/or by running JSLint.
buggy4: syntax error, missing } brace. Discover by running JSLint (error message more helpful than Firebug's).

2. Font Manipulation

Add the following to font.html:

<div><button id="prettify" onclick="prettify();">Prettify</button></div>

font.js:

function prettify() {
   var text = document.getElementById("text");
   // can also use: var text = $("text");
   text.innerHTML = "Look! It's pretty!";
   
   // font styles added by JS:
   text.style.fontSize = "13pt";
   text.style.fontFamily = "Comic Sans MS";
   text.style.color = "red";
}

3. Is it Caturday?

Add the following to caturday.html:

<p><button id="button" onclick="caturday();">Is it Caturday?</button></p>

font.js:

function caturday() {
   var today = new Date();
   // var today = new Date("April 23, 2011 01:23:45");
   
   var caturday = today.getDay() == 6;
   var text = caturday ? "YES" : "NO";
   $('answer').innerHTML = text;
   document.body.className = text.toLowerCase();
}

4. Regular Expressions

regex.php:

<?php
   // This solution puts all regular expressions into an array
   // and loops over them, printing the matches for each one.
   $regexps = array (
      "/Marty/",     // 1. Both Martys
      "/Stepp/",     // 2. The Stepp Brothers
      "/hw\d/",      // 3. HW Directories
      "/abba/",      // 4. Babbage through scabbards
      "/^(yes)$/i",  // 5. Any variation of "yes"
      "/^\w{7}$/",   // 6. Words of length seven
      "/bert$/"      // 7. Characters from Dilbert
   );
   
   $lines = file("words.txt", FILE_IGNORE_NEW_LINES);
?>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Regular Expression Tester</title>
   </head>
   <body>
      
<?php
   foreach ($regexps as $regexp) {
      ?>
      <p><strong><code><?= $regexp ?></code></strong>:</p>
      <ol>
      <?php
         foreach ($lines as $line) {
            if (preg_match($regexp, $line)) {
               ?>
               <li><?= $line ?></li>
               <?php
            }
         }
      ?>
      </ol>
      <?php
   }
?>
   </body>
</html>

5. Weight Conversion

conversions.html:

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
   "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <head>
      <title>Weight Conversion</title>
      <script src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/prototype/1.6.1.0/prototype.js"
         type="text/javascript"></script>
      <script src="conversions.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>
   <body>
      <fieldset>
         Convert <input type="text" id="input" />
         <select id="from">
            <option>kg</option>
            <option>lb</option>
         </select>
         <select id="to">
            <option>lb</option>
            <option>kg</option>
         </select>
         <button onclick="convert();">Calculate</button>
         <span id="answer"></span>
      </fieldset>
   </body>
</html>

conversions.js:

function convert() {
   value = parseInt($("input").value);
   if ($("from").value == "kg" && $("to").value == "lb") {
      value *= 2.20462262;
   } else if ($("from").value == "lb" && $("to").value == "kg") {
      value *= 0.45359237;
   }
   $("answer").innerHTML = value;
}

6. Order-It:

orderit.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
   <!-- Sylvia Tashev - April 20, 2009 -->

   <head>
      <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
      <title>Order-It!</title>

      <link href="orderit.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" />
      <script src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/scriptaculous/prototype.js" type="text/javascript"></script>

      <!-- your files -->
      <script src="orderit.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
   </head>

   <body>
      <h1>
         Order-It!

         <a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/w3c-xhtml.png" alt="Valid XHTML 1.1" />
         </a>
         <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/w3c-css.png" alt="Valid CSS" />
         </a>
         <a href="http://webster.cs.washington.edu/jslint?referer">
            <img src="http://www.cs.washington.edu/education/courses/cse190m/09sp/images/jslint.png" alt="JavaScript Lint" />
         </a>
      </h1>

      <div>
<textarea id="text" rows="18" cols="100">
Sample Item 1
Sample Item 2
Sample Item 3
Sample Item 4

Sample Item 5
Sample Item 6


Sample Item 7
</textarea>
      </div>

      <div>
         <!-- Note the "dirty" use of Javascript: onclick as an attribute -->
         <button onclick="clearAll();">Clear All</button>
         <button onclick="capitalize();">Capitalize</button>
         <button onclick="sort();">Sort</button>
         <button onclick="reverse();">Reverse</button>
         <button onclick="lineNumbers();">Add Numbers</button>
         <button onclick="stripBlank();">Strip Blank</button>
         <button onclick="shuffle();">Shuffle</button>
      </div>
   </body>
</html>

orderit.js

// orderit.js Solution by Sylvia Tashev - April 25, 2009

// grabs the contents of the text box and puts the lines in an array
function getLines() {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    return textarea.value.split("\n");
}

// replaces the contents of the text box with the result
function putLines(a) {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    textarea.value = a.join("\n");
}

// removes all text from text area
function clearAll() {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    textarea.value = "";
}

// converts to uppercase
function capitalize() {
    var textarea = document.getElementById("text");
    textarea.value = textarea.value.toUpperCase();
}

// sorts by alphabetical order
function sort() {
    var a = getLines();
    a.sort();
    putLines(a);
}

// reverses order
function reverse() {
    var a = getLines();
    a.reverse();
    putLines(a);
}

// shuffles by randomly swapping elements
function shuffle(a) {
    var a = getLines();
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
        // swap each element i with another randomly chosen element in
        // the range [i, a.length)
        var j = i + parseInt(Math.random() * (a.length - i));
        if (i != j) {
            var temp = a[i];  // swap
            a[i] = a[j];
            a[j] = temp;
        }
    }
    putLines(a);
}

// removes empty lines
function stripBlank() {
    var a = getLines();
    var a2 = [];
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
        if (a[i]) {
            a2.push(a[i]);
        }
    }
    putLines(a2);
}

// adds numbers "1. " to the front of each item
function lineNumbers(a) {
    var a = getLines();
    for (var i = 0; i < a.length; i++) {
        a[i] = (i + 1) + ". " + a[i];
    }
    putLines(a);
}

University of Washington, CSE 190 M, Spring 2011

Section 5 (Tuesday, April 26)

Basic JavaScript

1. Buggy JavaScript Code:

Solutions

2. Font Manipulation

Solution

3. Is it Caturday?

Solution

4. Regular Expressions

Solution

5. Weight Conversion

Solution

6. Order-It: (long)

Solution

orderit.html

orderit.js

Solutions

1. Buggy JavaScript Code:

2. Font Manipulation

3. Is it Caturday?

4. Regular Expressions

5. Weight Conversion

6. Order-It:

orderit.html

orderit.js