University of Washington CSE 154

Section 6: SQL Queries

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Query Testers

The major query tester is located here.

world database (by Sylvia Tashev, Stefanie Hatcher)

countries
(Other columns: region, surface_area, life_expectancy, gnp_old, local_name, government_form, capital, code2)
code name continent independence_year population gnp head_of_state ...
AFG Afghanistan Asia 1919 22720000 5976.0 Mohammad Omar ...
NLD Netherlands Europe 1581 15864000 371362.0 Beatrix ...
........................
cities
id name country_code district population
3793New YorkUSANew York8008278
1Los AngelesUSACalifornia3694820
...............
languages
country_codelanguageofficialpercentage
AFGPashtoT52.4
NLDDutchT95.6
............

Exercise : World Official Languages

List all of the official languages spoken around the world in reverse alphabetical order.

+------------------+
| language         |
+------------------+
| Zulu             |
| Xhosa            |
| Wolof            |
| Vietnamese       |
| Uzbek            |
...
+------------------+
102 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT DISTINCT language
FROM languages
WHERE official='T'
ORDER BY language DESC;

Exercise : Republics

What countries have the word Republic as part of their name?

+---------------------------------------+
| name                                  |
+---------------------------------------+
| Dominican Republic                    |
| Central African Republic              |
| Congo, The Democratic Republic of the |
| Czech Republic                        |
+---------------------------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT name
FROM countries
WHERE name LIKE '%Republic%';

Exercise : Not In Africa

List all countries that are not in Africa.

+----------------------------------------------+
| name                                         |
+----------------------------------------------+
| Afghanistan                                  |
| Netherlands                                  |
| Netherlands Antilles                         |
| Albania                                      |
| American Samoa                               |
...
+----------------------------------------------+
181 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT name
FROM countries
WHERE continent != 'Africa';
Could also use:
SELECT name
FROM countries 
WHERE continent <> 'Africa';
[an error occurred while processing this directive]

Exercise : Low GDP

Which countries have a GNP between $10,000 AND $50,000?

+------------------------+----------+
| name                   | gnp      |
+------------------------+----------+
| Algeria                | 49982.00 |
| United Arab Emirates   | 37966.00 |
| Bangladesh             | 32852.00 |
| Brunei                 | 11705.00 |
| Bulgaria               | 12178.00 |
...
+------------------------+----------+
36 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT name, gnp
FROM countries
WHERE gnp BETWEEN 10000 AND 50000;
You can also use:
SELECT name, gnp
FROM countries
WHERE gnp < 50000
AND gnp > 10000;

Exercise : Dense Populations

Which countries have the densest population (population divided by surface area)? Show the densest ones at the top.

+--------------+------------+--------------+--------------------+
| name         | population | surface_area | population_density |
+--------------+------------+--------------+--------------------+
| Macao        |     473000 |        18.00 |       26277.777778 |
| Monaco       |      34000 |         1.50 |       22666.666667 |
| Hong Kong    |    6782000 |      1075.00 |        6308.837209 |
| Singapore    |    3567000 |       618.00 |        5771.844660 |
| Gibraltar    |      25000 |         6.00 |        4166.666667 |
...
+--------------+------------+--------------+--------------------+
239 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT name, population, surface_area,
       population / surface_area as population_density
FROM countries
ORDER BY population_density DESC;

Exercise : English Speaking Countries

List the full names of all countries where English is spoken as an official language. Do this as a single query. (JOIN) Expected results:

+--------------------------------------+
| name                                 |
+--------------------------------------+
| American Samoa                       |
| Anguilla                             |
| Antigua and Barbuda                  |
| Australia                            |
| Barbados                             |
...
+--------------------------------------+
44 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT c.name
FROM countries c
JOIN languages l on l.country_code = c.code
WHERE l.language = 'English' AND l.official = 'T';

Exercise : Languages in France

List all of the languages that are spoken in France, as well as the expected number of speakers for that language (population * percentage). Do this as a single query. Do not hard code the country code into your query. (JOIN) Expected results:

+--------------+-----------+--------------+-------------------+
| language     | official  | percentage   | estimated_speakers|
+--------------+-----------+--------------+-------------------+
| French       | T         | 93.6         | 5543525429.6      |
| Arabic       | F         | 2.5          | 148064250.0       |
| Portuguese   | F         | 1.2          | 71070842.8        |
| Italian      | F         | 0.4          | 23690280.4        | 
| Spanish      | F         | 0.4          | 23690280.4        |
| Turkish      | F         | 0.4          | 23690280.4        |
+--------------+-----------+--------------+-------------------+

Exercise Solution

SELECT language, official, percentage, 
       percentage * population as estimated_speakers
FROM countries
JOIN languages ON country_code = code
WHERE countries.name = "France"
B

Exercise : Cities in Italy

List all of the cities in Italy, whose population is more than 1% of Italy's population. Organize results by Name alphabetically. Do this as a single query. Do not hard code Italy's country code. (JOIN) Expected results:

+--------------+-----------+--------------+-------------+
| name         | district  | population   | percentage  |
+--------------+-----------+--------------+-------------+
| Genova       | Liguria   | 6361034      | 0.0110      |
| Milano       | Lombardia | 1300977      | 0.0226      |
| Napoli       | Campania  | 1002619      | 0.0174      |
| Palermo      | Sisilia   | 683794       | 0.0119      |
| Roma         | Latium    | 2643581      | 0.0458      |
| Torino       | Piemonte  | 903705       | 0.0157      |
+--------------+-----------+--------------+-------------+

Exercise Solution

SELECT cities.name, district, cities.population, 
       cities.population/countries.population as percentage
FROM countries
JOIN cities ON code = country_code
WHERE countries.name = "Italy"
AND cities.population/countries.population > 0.01
ORDER BY district ASC

Exercise : High Population

List the full names of all countries that contain at least 2 cities of at least 5,000,000 people. Do this as a single query. (JOIN) Expected results:

+----------+
| name     |
+----------+
| Brazil   |
| India    |
| China    |
| Pakistan |
+----------+
4 rows in set (0.03 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT DISTINCT c.name
FROM countries c
JOIN cities ci1 ON ci1.country_code = c.code
JOIN cities ci2 ON ci2.country_code = c.code
WHERE ci1.id < ci2.id AND ci1.population >= 5000000 
AND ci2.population >= 5000000;

simpsons database (by Sylvia Tashev, Stefanie Hatcher)

students
idnameemail
123Bartbart@fox.com
456Milhousemilhouse@fox.com
888Lisalisa@fox.com
404Ralphralph@fox.com
teachers
idname
1234Krabappel
5678Hoover
9012Stepp
courses
idnameteacher_id
10001Computer Science 1421234
10002Computer Science 1435678
10003Computer Science 190M9012
10004Informatics 1001234
grades
student_idcourse_idgrade
12310001B-
12310002C
45610001B+
88810002A+
88810003A+
40410004D+
to test queries on this database, use username homer, password d0ughnut

Exercise : Good Grades

List all grades where a student was given a B- or better. Expected results:

+-------+
| grade |
+-------+
| B-    |
| B+    |
| A+    |
| A+    |
| B     |
+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT grade 
FROM grades 
WHERE grade <= 'B-';

Exercise : CSE 143 Grades

List all of the grades given in the course Computer Science 143. Do this as a single query and do not hard-code 143's ID number in the query. (JOIN) Expected results:

+-------+
| grade |
+-------+
| C     |
| A+    |
| D-    |
| B     |
+-------+
4 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT g.grade
FROM grades g
JOIN courses c ON c.id = g.course_id
WHERE c.name = 'Computer Science 143';

Exercise : CSE 143 Grades and Names

Modify your previous query to list the names and grades of all students that took Computer Science 143 and got a B- or better. Do this as a single query and do not hard-code 143's ID number in the query. (JOIN) Expected results:

+-------+-------+
| name  | grade |
+-------+-------+
| Lisa  | A+    |
| Ralph | B     |
+-------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT DISTINCT s.name, g.grade
FROM students s
JOIN grades g ON g.student_id = s.id
JOIN courses c ON c.id = g.course_id
WHERE c.name = 'Computer Science 143' AND g.grade <= 'B-';

Exercise : All Grades

List all names of all students who were given a B- or better in any class, along with the name of the class(es) and the (B- or better) grade(s) they got. Arrange them by the student's name in ABC order. (JOIN) Expected results:

+----------+-----------------------+-------+
| name     | name                  | grade |
+----------+-----------------------+-------+
| Bart     | Computer Science 142  | B-    |
| Lisa     | Computer Science 190M | A+    |
| Lisa     | Computer Science 143  | A+    |
| Milhouse | Computer Science 142  | B+    |
| Ralph    | Computer Science 143  | B     |
+----------+-----------------------+-------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT s.name, c.name, g.grade
FROM students s
JOIN grades g ON g.student_id = s.id
JOIN courses c ON c.id = g.course_id
WHERE g.grade <= 'B-'
ORDER BY s.name;

Exercise : Popular Classes

List the names of all courses that have been taken by 2 or more students. Do this as a single query and do not hard-code any ID numbers in the query. Don't show duplicates. (JOIN) Expected results:

+----------------------+
| name                 |
+----------------------+
| Computer Science 142 |
| Computer Science 143 |
| Computer Science 154 |
+----------------------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)

Exercise Solution

SELECT DISTINCT c.name
FROM courses c
JOIN grades g1 ON g1.course_id = c.id
JOIN students s1 ON g1.student_id = s1.id
JOIN grades g2 ON g2.course_id = c.id
JOIN students s2 ON g2.student_id = s2.id
WHERE s1.id < s2.id;