The only people who know about this are your instructor, and the course staff (Jonathan Sanders and Pim Lustig).
No.
No, academic misconduct cases are never included in records or transcripts.
We use a program called MOSS which identifies similarities between student programming assignments. The instructor(s) personally examine each high-ranking MOSS match to see if they think there is strong evidence of possible academic misconduct. In looking at your match, they believe that they found such evidence.
Yes. The instructors take the course Policy on Collaboration very seriously and any violation, no matter how small, is treated the same.
If you are absolutely certain that you did not break the course Policy on Collaboration then it is worth the effort to discuss the case. It is not our goal to convict you. We just need to get an understanding of how the programs ended up with the similarities they have.
Don't be! There is no risk in discussing the case because you never lose your option to settle your case informally by taking a 0.
If this is your first time trying to re-take the course, yes. You can retake by signing up for the course the same way that you normally would.
If you have retaken the course once before, you may need to meet with an adviser to get approved to take the course again.
The new grade you get is separate from your old grade, and both grades will be factored into your overall GPA. The new grade will not replace the old grade.
No
Your case might be considered in the admissions process, but it is possible to be admitted even with a misconduct case.