1.
Expression                                     Value
8 + 5 * 3 / 2                               15
1.5 * 4 * 7 / 8 + 3.4                           8.65
73 % 10 - 6 % 10 + 28 % 3                       -2
4 + 1 + 9 + "." + (-3 + 10) + 11 / 3            "14.73"
3 / 14 / 7 / (1.0 * 2) + 10 / 6                 1.0


2.
happy and pumpkin were orange!
orange and happy were pumpkin!
orange and sleepy were y!
pumpkin and x were green!
green and pumpkin were vampire!

3.
Method Call                                    Returns
mystery(2, 9)                                  0
mystery(5, 1)                                  6
mystery(38, 5)                                 119
mystery(5, 5)                                  0
mystery(40, 10)                                57


4.
                 next < 0                 y > z                 y == 0
        +---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
Point A | sometimes           | never               | always              |
        +---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
Point B | never               | sometimes           | sometimes           |
        +---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
Point C | never               | always              | never               |
        +---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
Point D | sometimes           | sometimes           | never               |
        +---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+
Point E | always              | sometimes           | sometimes           |
        +---------------------+---------------------+---------------------+


5.  One solution is shown.

public static int numDays(int month) {
      if (month == 2) {
        return 28;
      } else if (month == 4 || month == 6 || month == 9 || month == 11) {
        return 30;
      } else {
        return 31;
      }
}

6.  One solution is shown.

public static void threeHeads() {
    Random r = new Random();
    int numHeads = 0;
    
    while (numHeads < 3) {
      int flip = r.nextInt(2); // flip coin
      if (flip == 0) { // heads
        numHeads++;
        System.out.print("H ");
      } else {
        numHeads = 0;
        System.out.print("T ");
      }
    }
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println("Three heads in a row!");
}


7.  One solution is shown.

public static int numTWords(String s) {
    int count = 0;
    int i = 0;
    while (i < s.length()) {
      while (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) == ' ') // skip over whitespace
        i++;
      if (i < s.length()) {
        if (s.charAt(i) == 't' || s.charAt(i) == 'T') {
          count++;
        }
        while (i < s.length() && s.charAt(i) != ' ') // skip until find next whitespace
          i++;
      }
    }
    return count;
}