19
Fagin’s Theorem and P¹ NP
•We have NP = 9 SO,  coNP = 8 SO
•If we prove 9 SO ¹ 8 SO then P ¹ NP
•
•Definition.  MSO = Monadic SO
(restrict quantifiers to unary relations)
•
•Definition.  Monadic NP = 9MSO;
Monadic coNP = 8MSO
•
•[give examples of NP-complete problems in monadic NP]